| Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar | |
|---|---|
| Shah of Persia | |
| Reign | 1907-1909 |
| Full Name | Mohmmad Ali Shah |
| Born | 21 June 1872 |
| Birthplace | Amol, Persia |
| Died | 5 April 1925 (aged 52) |
| Place of death | Sanremo, Italy |
| Predecessor | Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar |
| Successor | Ahmad Shah Qajar |
| Dynasty | Qajar Dynasty |
| Religious beliefs | Shia Islam |
Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar (Persian: محمدعلی شاه قاجار) (21 June 1872 – 5 April 1925, San-Remo) was the Shah of Persia from 8 January 1907 to 16 July 1909.
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He was against the constitution that was ratified during the reign of his father, Mozzafar-al-Din Shah. In 1907 Mohammad Ali dissolved Majles (Iranian parliament/National assembly) and declared the Constitution abolished because it was contrary to Islamic law.[1] He bombarded the Majles with the military and political support of Russia and Britain.[2] In July 1909, constitutional forces marched from Rasht to Tehran led by Mohammad Vali Khan Sepahsalar Khalatbari Tonekaboni, deposed the Shah, and re-established the constitution. On 16 July 1909, the Majles voted to place Mohammad Ali Shah's 11 year old son, Ahmad Shah on the throne. However, he abdicated following a new Constitutional Revolution and he was remembered as a symbol of dictatorship.
He fled to Odessa, Russia (present day Ukraine). Mohammad Ali plotted his return to power from Odessa. In 1911 he landed at Astarabad, Iran, but his forces were defeated.[1] Mohammad Ali Shah fled to Russia, then in 1920 to Constantinople and later to San Remo, Italy, where he died 5 April 1925 (bur. Shrine of Imam Husain, Karbala, Iraq). Every shah of Iran since Mohammad Ali Shah has died in exile.
His son and successor, Ahmad Shah Qajar was the last ruler in the Qajar dynasty.[3]
Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar had eight children from two marriages. From his first wife he had one son. From his second marriage to Princess Malekeh Jahan daughter of Kamran Mirza Nayeb es-Saltaneh, he had seven children. The oldest child, Gholam Hossein Mirza, died in infancy.
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Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar
Born: 21 June 1872 Died: 5 April 1925 |
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| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by Mozaffar al-Din Shah Qajar |
Shah of Persia 1907-1909 |
Succeeded by Ahmad Shah Qajar |
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